{"id":69,"thumbnail":"https://jilailawyer.com//rails/active_storage/blobs/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaHBBazRCIiwiZXhwIjpudWxsLCJwdXIiOiJibG9iX2lkIn19--7784ab2c25ffb21cc38e28a172d1272cdaf24c4b/12313.jpg","title_zh":"浅谈督促程序（支付令）的激活","title_en":"Talking about the activation of the urging program (payment order)","content_zh":"\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\" style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e本文作者：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\" style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e王玉娟\u003c/font\u003e/\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e梁朝健\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e前言\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e督促程序，是指人民法院根据债权人的申请要求债务人给付一定金钱或有价证券，向债务人发出附有条件的支付令，若债务人在一定期限内不履行义务且不提出异议，则支付令生效，即该支付令具有执行力的一种程序。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e2016\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年，最高人民法院先后发布了《关于进一步推进案件繁简分流优化司法资源配置的若干意见》（ 以下简称《繁简分流意见》）和《关于人民法院进一步深化多元化纠纷解决机制改革的意见》（ 以下简称《多元化纠纷解决意见》），《繁简分流意见》第\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e4\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e条规定：\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u0026hellip;\u0026hellip;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e积极引导当事人将债权人请求债务人给付金钱、有价证券的案件转入督促程序，推广使用电子支付令。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e，《多元化纠纷解决意见》第\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e15\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e条规定：\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u0026hellip;\u0026hellip;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e推动建立在线调解、在线立案、在线司法确认、在线审判、电子督促程序、电子送达等为一体的信息平台\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026hellip;\u0026hellip;\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e督促程序的意义在于快速、经济地解决部分事实清楚的民事纠纷，使得法院既能充分尊重当事人意愿体现民事诉讼当事人处分原则，又能确保司法公正，实现法院\u003c/font\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e不审\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e而致\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e争议解决\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e之目的，也可在一定程度上缓解法院\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e案多人少\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e的困境。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e一、历史沿革\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e现代意义上的督促程序起源于德国，早在\u003c/font\u003e1877\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年德国的《民事诉讼法》便规定了督促程序，其后法国、日本、奥地利等大陆法系国家也先后效仿德国，引进了这一制度。经过一百多年的经验积累，督促程序在这些国家均渐入佳境、运转良好，起到了案件分流与司法减负作用，并在实际运用中凸显出自身的优势。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e1991\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年，我国在《民事诉讼法》修订之时，正式引入督促程序，确立了督促程序的基本框架；\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2001\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e1\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e8\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e日，最高院发布《关于适用督促程序若干问题的规定》，对督促程序的适用做了进一步的细化；\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2007\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e4\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e1\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e日实施的《诉讼费用交纳办法》提高了督促程序的申请费用，试图解决法院适用督促程序的积极性；\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2012\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e8\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e31\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e日，《民事诉讼法》修订，增加了法院可依职权主动适用督促程序（第一百三十三条），并新增了对债务人异议的审查制度，同时还规定了支付令和诉讼程序相衔接的程序，这些修改也使督促程序规则越来越完善。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e二、督促程序（支付令）的条件与流程\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（一）申请支付令的条件\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《民事诉讼法》第二百一十四条规定，申请支付令的债权人须与债务人没有其他债\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e务纠纷且支付令能够送达债务人，最高院《关于适用\u003c/font\u003e\u0026lt;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e民事诉讼法\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e的解释》第四百二十九条对申请支付令的条件作了进一步细化：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e1\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．请求给付金钱或者汇票、本票、支票、股票、债券、国库券、可转让的存款单等有价证券；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e2\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．请求给付的金钱或者有价证券已到期且数额确定，并写明了请求所根据的事实、证据；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e3\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．债权人没有对待给付义务；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e4\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．债务人在我国境内且未下落不明；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e5\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．支付令能够送达债务人；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e6\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．收到申请书的人民法院有管辖权；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e7\u003c/font\u003e．债权人未向人民法院申请诉前保全\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(208, 11, 11);\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（二）支付令的流程\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e债权人向债务人住所地的基层人民法院申请支付令，符合前述条件的，基层人民法院\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e应当受理，并在收到支付令申请书后五日内通知债权人；不符合前述条件的，人民法院应当在收到支付令申请书后五日内通知债权人不予受理。（基层人民法院受理申请支付令案件，不受债权金额的限制。）\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e人民法院受理申请后，经审查债权人提供的事实、证据，对债权债务关系明确、合法的，应当在受理之日起十五日内向债务人发出支付令；申请不成立的，裁定予以驳回。债务人应当自收到支付令之日起十五日内清偿债务，或者向人民法院提出书面异议。债务人在前款规定的期间不提出异议又不履行支付令的，债权人可以向人民法院申请执行。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e人民法院发出支付令之日起三十日内无法送达债务人的，人民法院应当裁定终结督促程序，已发出支付令的，支付令自行失效。支付令失效后，申请支付令的一方当事人不同意提起诉讼的，应当自收到终结督促程序裁定之日起七日内向受理申请的人民法院提出，或向其他有管辖权的人民法院提起诉讼。支付令失效后，申请支付令的一方当事人自收到终结督促程序裁定之日起七日内未向受理申请的人民法院表明不同意提起诉讼的，视为向受理申请的人民法院起诉。债权人提出支付令申请的时间，即为向人民法院起诉的时间。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e三、制度弊端\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e督促程序具有成本低、效率高等优势。德国等国家中，通过督促程序解决的案件数量远远超出诉讼程序，绝大部分诉诸法院解决的民事纠纷都通过督促程序得以化解。在我国，督促程序制度设计不可谓不完备，但实践中却基本上处于休眠状态。究其原因，现行的民诉法中对督促程序的规定仍存在一定的弊端：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e1\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．管辖单一。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e最高院《关于适用\u003c/font\u003e\u0026lt;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e民事诉讼法\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e的解释》第二十三条规定\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e债权人申请支付令，适用民事诉讼法第二十一条规定，由债务人住所地基层人民法院管辖。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e但是现代社会中人口流动性大，债务人的住所地与经常居住地常常不一致，而且其财产也并不一定在住所地，导致支付令的送达及执行都存在困难。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e2\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．诉讼周期可能延长。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e根据《民事诉讼法》第二百一十七条的规定，\u003c/font\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e人民法院收到债务人提出的书面异议后，经审查，异议成立的，应当裁定终结督促程序，支付令自行失效。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e支付令失效的，转入诉讼程序，但申请支付令的一方当事人不同意提起诉讼的除外。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e这里的审查仅是形式上的审查，不管债务人的异议是否存在恶意，只要形式符合要求，支付令就自然失效，债权人可能重新起诉。和直接起诉相比，督促程序会增加时间成本，诉讼周期延长在所难免。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e3\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．债权人实现债权的诉讼费成本存在一定风险。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e以前，最高人民法院规定，每件支付令案件收取\u003c/font\u003e100\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e元的诉讼费，但根据现行的《人民法院诉讼费收费办法》第十四条第（三）款规定：\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e依法申请支付令的，比照财产案件受理费标准的\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e1/3\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e交纳。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e这个比例显然提高了许多。因为支付令随着债务人提出书面异议而被裁定终结，申请费用由申请人承担，即使债权人在诉讼中将该费用列入诉讼请求中，并不一定能得到法院支持，相对于普通诉讼来说，等于额外支付了一部分费用。例如，在高某某、李某某与邵某某民间借贷纠纷一案中，法院即认为\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(208, 11, 11);\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e高某某、李某某对本案债权申请支付令，因邵某某提出异议导致督促程序终结，高某某、李某某应承担诉讼风险，故高某某、李某某申请支付令所支付的申请费应由高某某、李某某自行承担。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(38, 29, 29);\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e4\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．支付令限制了诉前保全。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e由于支付令和诉前财产保全不能同时适用，所以债权人申请支付令，存在债权人转移财产的风险，这无疑增加了执行的难度。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e5\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e支付令送达难。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e普通的诉讼送达方式包括直接送达、留置送达、委托送达、邮寄送达、转交送达、公告送达、电子数据方式送达，而支付令送达除了直接送达外，仅能根据《最高人民法院关于适用\u003c/font\u003e\u0026lt;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e中华人民共和国民事诉讼法\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026gt;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e的解释》第四百三十一条规定\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e向债务人本人送达支付令，债务人拒绝接收的，人民法院可以留置送达\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e。其它送达方式则不适用于支付令，这就限制了支付令送达的速度和效率。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cul\u003e\r\n\t\u003cli class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e激活支付令的建议\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/li\u003e\r\n\u003c/ul\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e四、激活支付令的建议\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e要重新激活督促程序，解决其空转问题，要加快建立社会诚信体系，加大对债务人恶意提出异议的成本。具体而言，建议从以下几个方面完善：\u003c/font\u003e1\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．建议允许当事人协议选择管辖法院。督促程序作为争议解决机制，管辖法院的确立原则上应当有利于争议纠纷的解决，将支付令的管辖限定于债务人住所地基层法院，可能会加大支付令送达及生效支付令执行的难度。且根据《民事诉讼法》第二百二十四条，异地执行并不存在法律障碍，因此，可允许当事人通过协议事先约定管辖法院，选择有实际联系点的法院进行管辖。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e2\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．建议推广电子支付令。\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2015\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年，杭州市西湖区法院首次尝试用电子支付令来解决互联网纠纷，并实现了支付令的网上申请、网上审查、网上提交证据材料、网上送达、网上询问、网上自动生成支付令等一系列流程。建议对西湖区法院等电子支付令试行中的经验进行总结，进一步完善推广电子支付令。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e3\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．建议明确费用承担主体。当债务人未对支付令提出异议时，申请费用自然由债务人负担，但现行法律还没有对转入诉讼程序后诉讼费用问题做出规定，此时更重要的是费用承担的主体，案件经异议依法进入诉讼程序时，则可以将之前的支付令申请费用和后续诉讼费用一起处理，由败诉方承担，这样更加公平且能够防止债务人滥用异议权。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp class=\"p\" style=\"margin: 5pt 0pt; padding: 0pt; text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"letter-spacing: 1.35pt;\"\u003e4\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e．建议财产保全适用于督促程序。《民事诉讼法》将督促程序与诉讼程序进行了衔接，这一衔接为财产保全适用于督促程序提供了基础。债权人申请财产保全措施，在支付令生效后而债务人又未及时清偿债务，法院即可执行被保全的财产，缓解执行难的问题。如果债务人异议成立，督促程序依法转入诉讼程序后，之前的财产保全可以成为诉前保全。这样通过财产保全措施的配合，可以有效防止债务人恶意转移或处分财产，促进完善督促程序，进一步保护了债权人的合法权益。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","content_en":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\" style=\"font-family:\u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight:bold\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAuthor of this article:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan class=\"15\" style=\"font-family:\u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight:bold\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eWang Yujuan/Liang Chaojian\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0pt; text-align:left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight:bold\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eforeword\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eSupervision procedure means that the people\u0026#39;s court requires the debtor to pay a certain amount of money or negotiable securities according to the application of the creditor, and issues a conditional payment order to the debtor. A procedure by which the payment order is enforceable.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIn 2016, the Supreme People\u0026#39;s Court successively issued \u0026quot;Several Opinions on Further Promoting the Separation of Complex and Simple Cases and Optimizing the Allocation of Judicial Resources\u0026quot; (hereinafter referred to as \u0026quot;Opinions on Separating Complex and Simple Cases\u0026quot;) and \u0026quot;Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of Diversified Dispute Resolution Mechanisms by the People\u0026#39;s Courts\u0026quot;. \u0026quot; (hereinafter referred to as the \u0026quot;Diversified Dispute Resolution Opinions\u0026quot;), Article 4 of the \u0026quot;Diversification of Complex and Simple Opinions\u0026quot; stipulates: \u0026quot;...actively guide the parties to transfer the cases where the creditor requests the debtor to pay money and negotiable securities into the supervision and urging procedure, and promote the use of electronic Payment Order.\u0026quot;, Article 15 of the Opinions on Diversified Dispute Resolution stipulates: \u0026quot;...promote the establishment of an information platform integrating online mediation, online case filing, online judicial confirmation, online trial, electronic supervision procedures, electronic delivery, etc... \u0026quot;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe significance of the urging procedure is to quickly and economically resolve some civil disputes with clear facts, so that the court can not only fully respect the wishes of the parties and reflect the principle of disposition of the parties in civil litigation, but also ensure judicial fairness and achieve \u0026ldquo;dispute resolution\u0026rdquo; due to \u0026ldquo;no trial\u0026rdquo; by the court. To a certain extent, it can also alleviate the dilemma of the court\u0026#39;s \u0026quot;many cases and few cases\u0026quot;.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e1. Historical evolution\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe urging procedure in the modern sense originated in Germany. As early as 1877, Germany\u0026rsquo;s Civil Procedure Code stipulated the urging procedure. Later, France, Japan, Austria and other civil law countries followed Germany and introduced this system. After more than 100 years of accumulation of experience, the urging procedures in these countries are gradually improving and functioning well, which has played a role in diverting cases and reducing judicial burdens, and has shown its own advantages in practical application.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIn 1991, when the Civil Procedure Law was revised, my country formally introduced the supervision and urging procedure, establishing the basic framework of the urging and urging procedure; The application of the procedures has been further refined; the \u0026quot;Measures for Payment of Litigation Fees\u0026quot; implemented on April 1, 2007 increased the application fee for the supervision and supervision procedures, trying to solve the enthusiasm of the court to apply the supervision and supervision procedures; on August 31, 2012, the Civil The Procedural Law was revised, adding that the court can actively apply the urging procedure (Article 133), and added a review system for the debtor\u0026#39;s objection, and also stipulated the procedure for linking the payment order and the litigation procedure. These amendments also make the rules of urging procedure more and more perfect.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e2. Conditions and procedures of the urging procedure (payment order)\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(1) Conditions for applying for a payment order\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 214 of the Civil Procedure Law stipulates that the creditor applying for a payment order must have no other debts with the debtor.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 429 of the Supreme Court\u0026#39;s Interpretation on the Application of the Civil Procedure Law further details the conditions for applying for a payment order:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e1. Request payment of money or securities such as money orders, promissory notes, checks, stocks, bonds, Treasury bills, negotiable certificates of deposit;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e2. The money or marketable securities requested for payment has expired and the amount is determined, and the facts and evidence on which the request is based are stated;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e3. The creditor has no obligation to pay;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e4. The debtor is in the territory of our country and not whereabouts unknown;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e5. The payment order can be served on the debtor;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e6. The people\u0026#39;s court that received the application has jurisdiction;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e7. The creditor did not apply to the people\u0026#39;s court for pre-litigation preservation\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(2) The process of payment order\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe creditor applies to the basic people\u0026#39;s court of the debtor\u0026#39;s domicile for a payment order. If the above conditions are met, the basic people\u0026#39;s court\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIt shall accept the application, and notify the creditor within five days after receiving the application for payment order; if the aforementioned conditions are not met, the people\u0026#39;s court shall notify the creditor within five days of receiving the application for payment order not to accept the application. (The basic people\u0026#39;s court accepts applications for payment orders, and is not limited by the amount of creditor\u0026#39;s rights.)\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAfter the people\u0026#39;s court accepts the application, after examining the facts and evidence provided by the creditor, if the relationship between the creditor\u0026#39;s rights and the debt is clear and legal, it shall issue a payment order to the debtor within 15 days from the date of acceptance; if the application is not established, it shall rule to reject it. The debtor shall pay off the debt within 15 days from the date of receipt of the payment order, or submit a written objection to the people\u0026#39;s court. If the debtor does not raise any objection and fails to perform the payment order within the period specified in the preceding paragraph, the creditor may apply to the people\u0026#39;s court for enforcement.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIf the payment order cannot be served on the debtor within 30 days from the date when the people\u0026#39;s court issues the payment order, the people\u0026#39;s court shall rule to terminate the supervision and urging procedure. After the payment order expires, if the party applying for the payment order does not agree to file a lawsuit, it shall file a lawsuit with the people\u0026#39;s court that accepts the application within seven days from the date of receipt of the ruling to terminate the supervision and urging procedure, or file a lawsuit with other competent people\u0026#39;s courts. After the payment order expires, if the party applying for the payment order fails to express to the people\u0026#39;s court accepting the application that it does not agree to file a lawsuit within seven days from the date of receiving the ruling to terminate the supervision and urging procedure, it shall be deemed to have brought a lawsuit to the people\u0026#39;s court that accepts the application. The time when the creditor files an application for a payment order is the time for filing a lawsuit with the people\u0026#39;s court.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e3. Disadvantages of the system\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe urging procedure has the advantages of low cost and high efficiency. In countries such as Germany, the number of cases resolved through the urging procedure far exceeds the litigation procedure, and the vast majority of civil disputes resolved by the courts are resolved through the urging procedure. In my country, the design of the urging procedure system is not incomplete, but in practice it is basically in a dormant state. The reason for this is that there are still some drawbacks in the current Civil Procedure Law\u0026#39;s provisions on urging procedures:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e1. single jurisdiction. Article 23 of the Supreme Court\u0026#39;s \u0026quot;Interpretation on the Application of the Civil Procedure Law\u0026quot; stipulates that \u0026quot;When a creditor applies for a payment order, the provisions of Article 21 of the Civil Procedure Law shall apply, and the basic people\u0026#39;s court of the debtor\u0026#39;s domicile shall have jurisdiction.\u0026quot; However, in modern society Population mobility is large, the debtor\u0026rsquo;s domicile is often inconsistent with his habitual residence, and his property is not necessarily in his domicile, which makes it difficult to serve and enforce payment orders.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e2. The litigation period may be extended. According to Article 217 of the Civil Procedure Law, \u0026quot;After the people\u0026#39;s court receives the written objection raised by the debtor, upon examination, if the objection is established, it shall rule to terminate the supervision and urging procedure, and the payment order shall become invalid on its own.\u0026quot; If it is invalid, it will be transferred to the litigation procedure, unless the party applying for the payment order does not agree to file a lawsuit.\u0026rdquo; The review here is only a formal review, no matter whether the debtor\u0026rsquo;s objection is malicious or not, as long as the form meets the requirements, the payment order will be natural. If it fails, the creditor may sue again. Compared with direct prosecution, the urging procedure will increase the time cost, and it is inevitable that the litigation cycle will be prolonged.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e3. There is a certain risk in the cost of litigation costs for creditors to realize their claims. Previously, the Supreme People\u0026#39;s Court stipulated that each payment order case should charge 100 yuan of litigation fees, but according to the current \u0026quot;People\u0026#39;s Court Litigation Fee Collection Measures\u0026quot; Article 14(3) stipulates: \u0026quot;If a payment order is applied for in accordance with the law, 1/3 of the standard handling fee for property cases.\u0026quot; This ratio has obviously increased a lot. Because the payment order is ruled to end with the debtor\u0026#39;s written objection, the application fee is borne by the applicant. Even if the creditor includes the fee in the lawsuit, it may not be supported by the court. Compared with ordinary lawsuits, It\u0026#39;s like paying an extra fee. For example, in the case of Gao Moumou, Li Moumou and Shao Moumou private loan dispute, the court held that \u0026quot;Gao Moumou and Li Moumou applied for a payment order for the creditor\u0026#39;s rights in this case, and the urging procedure was terminated due to Shao Moumou\u0026#39;s objection. Gao Moumou and Li Moumou should bear the risk of litigation, so the application fee paid by Gao Moumou and Li Moumou to apply for a payment order should be borne by Gao Moumou and Li Moumou.\u0026quot;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e4. A payment order limits pre-trial hold. Since a payment order and pre-litigation property preservation cannot be applied at the same time, there is a risk that the creditor will transfer the property when the creditor applies for a payment order, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty of enforcement.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e5. The payment order is difficult to deliver. Common litigation service methods include direct service, lien service, entrusted service, mail service, forwarding service, announcement service, and electronic data service. According to Article 431 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People\u0026#39;s Court on the Application of the Civil Procedure Law of the People\u0026#39;s Republic of China, \u0026quot;If a payment order is served on the debtor himself, but the debtor refuses to accept it, the people\u0026#39;s court may place a lien for service.\u0026quot; Other methods of service do not apply to payment orders, which limits the speed and efficiency with which payment orders can be served.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAdvice for activating payment orders\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e4. Recommendations for Activating Payment Orders\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIt is necessary to reactivate the supervision and urging procedures to solve the problem of idling, to speed up the establishment of a social credit system, and to increase the cost of maliciously raising objections to debtors. Specifically, it is suggested to improve from the following aspects: 1. It is recommended to allow the parties to choose the jurisdictional court by agreement. The urging procedure is a dispute resolution mechanism. In principle, the establishment of the jurisdictional court should be conducive to the settlement of disputes. Limiting the jurisdiction of the payment order to the basic court of the debtor\u0026#39;s domicile may increase the difficulty of the service of the payment order and the enforcement of the effective payment order. And according to Article 224 of the Civil Procedure Law, there is no legal obstacle to execution in different places. Therefore, the parties may be allowed to agree on the jurisdictional court in advance through an agreement, and choose the court with actual contact points for jurisdiction.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e2. It is recommended to promote electronic payment orders. In 2015, the Hangzhou West Lake District Court first tried to use electronic payment orders to resolve Internet disputes, and realized online application, online review, online submission of evidence materials, online service, online inquiry, and online automatic generation of payment orders. series of processes. It is recommended to summarize the experience in the trial implementation of electronic payment orders such as the West Lake District Court, and further improve and promote electronic payment orders.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e3. It is recommended to clarify who bears the costs. When the debtor does not raise an objection to the payment order, the application fee will naturally be borne by the debtor, but the current law has not made provisions on the issue of litigation expenses after the transfer to the litigation procedure. At this time, it is more important that the subject bears the expenses. When entering the litigation process, the application fee for the previous payment order and the subsequent litigation fee can be processed together, and the losing party shall bear it, which is more fair and can prevent the debtor from abusing the right of objection.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e4. It is recommended that property preservation be applied to the urging procedure. The \u0026quot;Civil Procedure Law\u0026quot; links the urging procedure with the litigation procedure, which provides a basis for the application of property preservation to the urging procedure. The creditor applies for property preservation measures. After the payment order takes effect and the debtor fails to pay off the debt in time, the court can execute the preserved property and alleviate the problem of difficulty in execution. If the debtor\u0026#39;s objection is established, after the urging procedure is transferred to the litigation procedure in accordance with the law, the previous property preservation can become the pre-litigation preservation. In this way, through the cooperation of property preservation measures, it can effectively prevent the debtor from maliciously transferring or disposing of property, promote the improvement of supervision and urging procedures, and further protect the legitimate rights and interests of creditors.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","_type":"继来法视界","position":8,"created_at":"2020-09-27T19:02:49.180+08:00","updated_at":"2020-12-09T15:21:00.000+08:00","pv":19916,"abstract_zh":"督促程序，是指人民法院根据债权人的申请要求债务人给付一定金钱或有价证券，向债务人发出附有条件的支付令，若债务人在一定期限内不履行义务且不提出异议，则支付令生效，即该支付令具有执行力的一种程序。","abstract_en":"Supervision procedure means that the people's court requires the debtor to pay a certain amount of money or negotiable securities according to the application of the creditor, and issues a conditional payment order to the debtor. A procedure by which the payment order is enforceable.","link":""}