{"id":203,"thumbnail":"https://jilailawyer.com//rails/active_storage/blobs/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaHBBZzREIiwiZXhwIjpudWxsLCJwdXIiOiJibG9iX2lkIn19--64a96bc587b57719565da9e8a7bdb26a8bc4fe64/b07c43ebd6df9e1d0801584970e2f0c.png","title_zh":"第二弹！“纯干货”之LDD实务指引（中）","title_en":"Second shot! \"Pure Dry Goods\" LDD Practical Guidelines (middle)","content_zh":"\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt; text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e上文我们讲到了尽职调查的原则、目的以及调查手法，本文中，笔者将结合尽职调查报告的撰写来谈一下法律尽职调查的基本内容及注意事项。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e07、一般尽职调查的基本内容\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（一）公司基本信息\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1.公司的主体资格\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对公司主体资格的审查，是了解目标公司的第一步。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e律师应对公司作为商主体是否合法设立并有效存续作出判断，为进一步核查奠定基础。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对于公司主体资格的核查，重点应放在公司持有的登记证书及相关经营资质上。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对于某些投资项目来说，目标公司的经营资质是吸引投资方的重要原因，因此对于经营资质应结合国家及行业监管规范多次核实。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2.公司的设立及历史沿革\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司的设立是否合法合规将直接关系到公司的存在与经营是否具备合法性的问题。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e许多公司在设立之初都是委托代办等全权代理，对于公司的经营方式、业务领域甚至公司的章程都是完全托管，如在后期经营过程中股东之间理念相同尚可相安无事，但这样的情况仅存在于理想模型。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e因此，当股东之间产生分歧，公司设立时的瑕疵便会被无限放大，尤其对于审批程序较为严格的IPO或者新三板的挂牌，公司设立的瑕疵将导致严重的公司僵局，国内某一知名电商大厂甚至因此七年治理都无法成功上市。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对于公司设立部分的尽调律师应当着重考察以下几个方面的内容：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e其一，股东出资是否到位，出资方式是否合法，是否存在出资不实、虚假出资、抽逃出资等情况\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;极大的导致股权结构和股东利益的不确定性和不稳定性；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e其二，部分行业的货币出资是否经过验资并拥有验资报告\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;将导致公司在特定行业丧失经营权；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e其三，作为出资的非货币资产是否经过了评估作价，资产是否已经过户到公司名下并由公司实际占有\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;将可能导致股东出资不实或者出资瑕疵；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e其四，出资存在国资或者外资\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;国资需经过专门的评估机构审批并出具评估报告，外资等需要经相关政府部门的审批或者备案流程。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e此外，公司是否存在股东、董监高、关联方占款的情况，是否存在股东以与公司业务无关的无形资产出资的情况等都应当作为律师重点核查的对象。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e为了验证公司的历史演变是否合法合规以及是否符合公司章程的要求，律师需要对公司的相关资料进行审核，对公司自诞生以来所有的商行为进行比对，此为对公司历史沿革的尽职调查。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对于公司历史沿革的调查，具体内容主要包括增资减资、股权转让等合法性，股东出资来源是否合法、权属是否清晰，是否存在外资或者国资，股权结构如何形成，主营业务是否变化等等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《首次公开发行股票并上市管理办法》中对于公司历史沿革合法合规的总体要求如下，律师可以比照该标准对公司历史沿革进行核查：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e第九条 发行人自股份有限公司成立后，持续经营时间应当在3年以上，但经国务院批准的除外。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e有限责任公司按原账面净资产值折股整体变更为股份有限公司的，持续经营时间可以从有限责任公司成立之日起计算。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e第十条 发行人的注册资本已足额缴纳，发起人或者股东用作出资的资产的财产权转移手续已办理完毕，发行人的主要资产不存在重大权属纠纷。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e第十一条 发行人的生产经营符合法律、行政法规和公司章程的规定，符合国家产业政策。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e第十二条 发行人最近 3 年内主营业务和董事、高级管理人员没有发生重大变化，实际控制人没有发生变更。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e第十三条 发行人的股权清晰，控股股东和受控股股东、实际控制人支配的股东持有的发行人股份不存在重大权属纠纷。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（二）公司独立性审查\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e根据《公司法》、《首次公开发行股票并上市管理办法》、《全国中小企业股份转让系统股票挂牌条件适用基本标准指引（试行）》以及其他法律法规的规定，企业要求资产完整，业务、人员、财务及机构独立，具有完整的业务体系和直接面向市场独立经营的能力。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e换句话讲，公司的法人格独立也是有限责任的基石，公司的独立性是尽职调查的重点关注对象之一，对公司独立性的调查，就是了解、确认公司具备独立自主经营能力的过程。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=\"Table\" style=\"width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse; border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\r\n\t\u003ctbody\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;width:30.0%;\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;width:30.0%;\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e调查内容\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;width:49.0%;\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e调查文件（包括但不限于）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:20.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e人员独立\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e控股股东、大股东、董监高、核心职工\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:49.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e股东名录、职工名册、董监高的任职及薪资证明文件、重要人事变动的文件或会议纪要、重要部门人员的名单及工资发放表等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:20.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e机构独立\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e财务、技术、采购、销售、人事等部门，公司的经营场所及办公场所\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:49.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e公司生产经营场所和办公场所位置布局图、高管人员与职工的调查笔录等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:20.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e业务独立\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e检查公司采购、销售明细账，确认与关联方账户分离；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e检查关联交易，且是否影响业务独立性\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:49.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e检查公司前十名对外采购合同、销售合同、借款合同、技术合同等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e审核公司对大客户的依赖程度，并要求公司说明具体原因。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:20.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e财务独立\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e调查公司财产的独立性、公司财务管理制度、财务人员和财务核算流程\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:49.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e调查公司财务会计制度与会计核算流程，财务内控的议案，账户的银行对账单、公司纳税凭证、公司原始财务报表等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:20.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"20%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e资产完整\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e检查公司的资产权属是否明晰\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:49.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"49%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp align=\"left\" style=\"text-align:left; margin:0cm\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:宋体\"\u003e要求公司填报控股股东、关联方占用资金、资产等并提供相关证明文件、公司开户银行资金往来明细账、相关会议记录等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/tbody\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（三）公司的股权结构、控股股东与实际控制人审查\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1.股权结构调查\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e股权结构是指股份公司总股本中,不同性质的股份所占的比例及其相互关系。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e股权即股票持有者所具有的与其拥有的股票比例相应的权益及承担一定责任的权力(义务)。可以说，股权结构是公司治理结构的基础，公司治理结构是股权结构的具体运行形式。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在股权结构的尽职调查中，一般应尽可能做到完全穿透，确认公司的实际控制人和最终受益人。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e如股权结构确实过于复杂，建议穿透三层至五层以确保尽职调查的穷尽原则，同时将该事项在尽调报告中予以注明。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2.关于控股股东和实际控制人的调查\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e根据《公司法》第216条，控股股东，是指其出资额占有限责任公司资本总额50%以上或者其持有的股份占股份有限公司股本总额50%以上的股东；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e出资额或者持有股份的比例虽然不足百分之五十，但是以其出资额或者持有的股份所享有的表决权已足以对股东会、股东大会的决议产生重大影响的股东。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e实际控制人，是指虽然不是公司的股东，但是通过投资关系、协议或者其他安排能够实际支配公司行为的人。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e律师在尽调过程中公司如有实际控制人，需要审阅实际控制人与公司之间的控制方式和关系，以及实际控制人之间签署的\u0026ldquo;行动协议\u0026rdquo;（比如协议控制的公司）。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在企业并购、发债、ipo等对于公司实际控制人审核较为严格的项目中，尽调还需了解控股股东以及实际控制人的个人征信情况、涉诉情况、犯罪记录情况、个人性格及行为模式等等，此处不做赘述。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（四）公司业务模式审查\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e一般来说，对于公司业务情况、公司经营前景的调查和评估系商业尽调的范畴，律师的LDD对于该部分一般不做过于详细的调查（比如盈利能力、流动比率等）。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在法律尽职调查中，律师主要通过查阅公司业务制度、实际考察企业经营过程涉及的业务环节、对主要的供应商和客户访谈等方法，再结合公司行业特点了解公司的业务领域。主要调查事项包括但不限于以下几点：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1.企业商品供应链的模式及管理制度；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2.公司对供应商的依赖程度以及供应商的可替代程度；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e3.主要产品的生产流程、行业优势、发展前景、商品行业占有度、用户满意度等；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e4.公司的研发能力和宣传能力；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e5.公司重要的项目投资等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（五）公司财务\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e一个企业的财务情况，是一个企业经营和营利的直接反馈，也是尽职调查的重点。一般来说，财务方面的尽调原则上是由持有证券这个的会计师事务所完成，律师在法律尽调的过程中，也应对涉及财物的合法性问题以及财物报告的结论性意见给予一定的关注。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（要求熟悉资产负债表、现金流量表、利润表）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（六）公司资产\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在尽职调查中，公司的清产核资关系到企业的净资产和企业估值，因此尤为重要。公司资产一般包括无形资产和无形资产两类。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1.有形资产的DD\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e核查有形资产，主要应当调阅企业所有有形资产的权属证书，包括土地证、房产证、行驶证等，以及采购、转让、赠与、出让等相关合同、土地出让金税费等等，从而判断资产的取得是否合法，转让过程是否具有瑕疵，以及年费的缴纳是否及时等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2.无形资产的DD\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e企业的无形资产包括很多类，比如企业的版权、商标、专利、商誉以及荣誉等等。但是在律师的尽职调查中，对企业无形的调查主要体现在可以用来出资或者被估值的知识产权领域，主要包括版权、商标、专利、专有技术、特许经营权、集成电路、商业秘密以及公司现有的技术和独特的生产销售工艺。在高新技术企业中，这些将直接构成公司的核心竞争力，对于知识产权的核查，律师应当重点关注以下几点：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=\"Table\" style=\"width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse; border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\r\n\t\u003ctbody\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e权利本身\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;width:69.0%;\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e专利、商标权等权属关系的审查、与第三人合作开发的专利或职工职务行为、权利的有限期限等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e或有债务\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e是否存在侵权进而被要求损害赔偿的可能性\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e合同风险\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e审查企业的许可使用合同、合作开发合同、特许经营合同、排他独占使用合同等等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e商业秘密风险\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在项目中交易对手方将知悉商业秘密，需要研究并规划披露商业秘密的时机并以保密协议来规制\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/tbody\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e知识产权的尽调存在其固有的局限性，即使在LDD的过程中权利有效，也有可能因为丧失新颖性、独创性或被法院判决而事实上丧失其价值。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e因此律师需要在尽调报告中作出提示。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（七）重大债权债务\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司的债权债务，直接关系公司的净资产、资产负债率、流动比率等重大估值参考指标，是尽职调查的重要内容之一，其调查的目的为负债的真实性、合法性和有效性，其他应收应付款是否因正常的生产经营活动发生，是否合法有效等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e具体调查内容如下：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003ctable class=\"Table\" style=\"width:100.0%; border-collapse:collapse; border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\r\n\t\u003ctbody\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd rowspan=\"7\" style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e债权债务的基本情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-left:none;border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt;border-top:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;width:69.0%;\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"margin:0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司的债权、形成时间、原因、偿债情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司主要的贷款金额、利率、期限、担保等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司因重大合同而形成的合同之债及风险\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司是否存在环境污染、知识产权、产品质量等原因产生的侵权之债并说明影响\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司与其关联方的债权债务情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司对主要股东或者其他公司或者企业的借款进行担保及抵押情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司是否存在拖欠债务的情况及相关文件\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd rowspan=\"7\" style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司融资借贷基本情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司贷款卡信息及年报、半年报\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e人民币或者外币的借款清单明细\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e正常业务外的公司借款清单\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e因借款文件或者协议、银行同意提供信用额度或贷款的协议\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e互保协议\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司发行的债券及相关文件\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司所有的融资计划及安排\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司发债基本情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司发行的私募债、可转换债权的情况说明、发行数量、审批文件、票面金额、资金用途、还本付息的方式、赎回条款及回售条款等等。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd rowspan=\"8\" style=\"border:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:30.0%; border-top:none; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"30%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司对外担保情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e查阅公司正在履行的所有贷款合同，核查是否存在公司资产抵押的情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e要求公司填报对外担保情况调查表，并提供担保合同、董事会、股东会决议\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司向第三方承担的责任或者负债\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e核查与担保相关的主债务合同及履行情况\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e核查公司履约保证函或者履约保证金\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司接受债务人担保/反担保的有关法律文件\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e公司存在的重大或有事项（涉及金额或者12个月累计金额占公司净资产的10%以上的或有事项）\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003ctr\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003ctd style=\"border-bottom:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; width:69.0%; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-right:solid #3e3e3e 1.0pt; padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm\" width=\"69%\"\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003cp style=\"margin: 0cm;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e去的公司全体董事的书面承诺，确认公司所有抵押、质押和对外担保的信息均已完全披露，材料提供完整，无虚假陈述或者重大遗漏\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\t\t\t\u003c/td\u003e\r\n\t\t\u003c/tr\u003e\r\n\t\u003c/tbody\u003e\r\n\u003c/table\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0cm; text-align:justify\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e（八）同业竞争与关联交易\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1.关于同业竞争\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e同业竞争一般是指公司业务与其控股股东或者实际控制人控制的其他企业业务相同或者类似，双方构成或者可能构成直接间接的竞争关系。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e在实际经营中，同业竞争的存在必然导致相关联的企业无法按照公平的市场环境来平等竞争，控股股东的表决权将可以决定公司的重大经营，这将或多或少影响公司中小股东。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e一般来说，律师在尽职调查中往往会建议消除公司的同业竞争，通过业务重组、转让第三方、协议解决等方式来消除同业竞争带来的弊端。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2.关于关联交易\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e根据《企业会计准则第36号\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;关联方披露》的规定，在企业财务和经营决策中，如果一方控制、共同控制另一方或对另一方世佳重大影响，以及两方或两方以上同受一方控制、共同控制或重大影响的，构成关联方。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e一般来说，关联交易存在下面的特征：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e首先，\u003c/strong\u003e交易发生在股权或者协议安排的关联方之间；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e其次，\u003c/strong\u003e交易一方能对另一方企业财务和经营决策施加重大影响；\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e最后，\u003c/strong\u003e交易可能导致公司利益转移。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e关联交易时律师尽调的重点之一，建议严格按照《公开发行证券的公司信息披露内容与格式准则第1号\u0026mdash;\u0026mdash;招股说明书》中的要求披露关联交易。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e3.涉及同业竞争和关联交易的法律法规\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e本项内容众多，律师在实务的过程中也在不断摸索尽调的方式和内容以及披露的范围。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e对于初入商务领域的律师来说，牢牢把握相关的法律法规，结合客户的需求，即可满足基本的要求。\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e相关法律法规：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《公司法》第21条、第61条\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《首次公开发行股票并上市管理办法》第19条、第42条\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《上市公司证券发行管理办法》第6条、第10条\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e可借鉴：\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《日本商法》第二编第74条\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"left\" style=\"margin-bottom:10.5pt;margin:0cm;text-align:left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e《德国股份公司法》第88条等\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","content_en":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eWe talked about the principles, purposes and investigation methods of due diligence above. In this article, the author will discuss the basic content and precautions of legal due diligence in conjunction with the writing of the due diligence report.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e07. Basic content of general due diligence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(1) Basic information of the company\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1. The main body qualification of the company\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe review of the company\u0026#39;s main body qualification is the first step to understand the target company.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eLawyers should make judgments on whether the company as a commercial entity is legally established and validly existing, and lays the foundation for further verification.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFor the verification of the main body qualification of the company, the focus should be on the registration certificate held by the company and the relevant business qualifications.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFor some investment projects, the operating qualifications of the target company are an important reason for attracting investors, so the operating qualifications should be verified multiple times in combination with national and industry regulatory norms.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2. The establishment and history of the company\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eWhether the establishment of a company is legal or not will be directly related to the legality of the existence and operation of the company.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAt the beginning of their establishment, many companies are entrusted agents and other discretionary agents, and they are fully entrusted with the company\u0026#39;s operating methods, business areas and even the company\u0026#39;s articles of association. The case exists only in the ideal model.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eTherefore, when there is disagreement between shareholders, the flaws in the establishment of the company will be infinitely magnified, especially for IPOs with strict approval procedures or listing on the New Third Board, the flaws in the establishment of the company will lead to serious corporate deadlock. Even after seven years of governance, the big companies could not be successfully listed.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eDue diligence lawyers for the establishment of a company should focus on the following aspects:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFirst, whether the shareholder\u0026#39;s capital contribution is in place, whether the capital contribution method is legal, and whether there is any false capital contribution, false capital contribution, withdrawal of capital contribution, etc. - which greatly leads to the uncertainty and instability of the shareholding structure and shareholders\u0026#39; interests;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eSecond, whether the currency investment in some industries has been verified and has a capital verification report - it will cause the company to lose the right to operate in a specific industry;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThird, whether the non-monetary assets used as capital contributions have been evaluated and valued, and whether the assets have been transferred to the company\u0026#39;s name and actually occupied by the company - this may lead to false or flawed capital contributions by shareholders;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFourth, the capital contribution is state-owned or foreign-invested\u0026mdash;state-owned assets need to be approved by a special evaluation agency and issue an evaluation report, and foreign-invested assets need to be approved or filed by relevant government departments.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn addition, whether the company has shareholders, directors, supervisors and senior executives, or related parties occupying funds, and whether shareholders have contributed capital with intangible assets unrelated to the company\u0026#39;s business, etc., should be the focus of the lawyer\u0026#39;s inspection.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn order to verify whether the historical evolution of the company is legal and compliant and whether it complies with the requirements of the company\u0026#39;s articles of association, lawyers need to review the relevant information of the company and compare all the business activities of the company since its birth. This is due diligence on the company\u0026#39;s historical evolution. .\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFor the investigation of the company\u0026#39;s historical evolution, the specific contents mainly include the legality of capital increase and decrease, equity transfer, etc., whether the source of shareholders\u0026#39; capital contribution is legal, whether the ownership is clear, whether there is foreign capital or state-owned capital, how the equity structure is formed, whether the main business has changed, etc. .\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe general requirements for legal compliance of the company\u0026#39;s historical evolution in the \u0026quot;Administrative Measures for Initial Public Offering and Listing\u0026quot; are as follows. Lawyers can check the company\u0026#39;s historical evolution according to this standard:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eArticle 9 After the establishment of a joint stock limited company, an issuer shall continue to operate for more than three years, unless approved by the State Council.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIf a limited liability company is converted into a joint stock limited company as a whole based on the original book value of net assets, the continuous operation period can be calculated from the date of establishment of the limited liability company.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eArticle 10 The issuer\u0026#39;s registered capital has been paid in full, and the property rights transfer procedures for the assets used by the promoters or shareholders as capital have been completed, and there is no major dispute over the ownership of the issuer\u0026#39;s main assets.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eArticle 11 The production and operation of the issuer shall comply with the provisions of laws, administrative regulations and the articles of association of the company, as well as the national industrial policy.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eArticle 12 There has been no major change in the issuer\u0026#39;s main business, directors and senior managers in the last three years, and no change in the actual controller.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eArticle 13 The equity of the issuer shall be clear, and there shall be no major disputes over ownership of the issuer\u0026#39;s shares held by the controlling shareholder and the shareholders controlled by the controlling shareholder or actual controller.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(2) Independence review of the company\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAccording to the \u0026quot;Company Law\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Administrative Measures for Initial Public Offering and Listing\u0026quot;, \u0026quot;Guidelines for Basic Standards Applicable to Stock Listing Conditions in the National Equities Exchange and Quotations (for Trial Implementation)\u0026quot; and other laws and regulations, enterprises require complete assets, business, personnel , financial and institutional independence, with a complete business system and the ability to operate independently in the market.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn other words, the independence of a company\u0026#39;s legal personality is also the cornerstone of limited liability. The independence of a company is one of the focus of due diligence. The investigation of the company\u0026#39;s independence is the process of understanding and confirming that the company has the ability to operate independently.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\r\n\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003esurvey content\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eInvestigation documents (including but not limited to)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003ePersonnel independence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eControlling shareholders, major shareholders, directors, supervisors and senior executives, core employees\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eList of shareholders, list of employees, certificates of appointment and salary of directors, supervisors and senior management, documents or meeting minutes of important personnel changes, list of personnel of important departments and salary payment table, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eInstitutional independence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFinance, technology, procurement, sales, personnel and other departments, the company\u0026#39;s business premises and office space\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe location layout of the company\u0026#39;s production and business premises and office premises, and investigation records of executives and employees, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003ebusiness independence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck the company\u0026#39;s purchasing and sales sub-ledgers to confirm that they are separated from related party accounts;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck related party transactions and whether they affect business independence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck the company\u0026#39;s top ten external procurement contracts, sales contracts, loan contracts, technical contracts, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eReview the company\u0026#39;s dependence on major customers and ask the company to explain the specific reasons.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003efinancial independence\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eInvestigate the independence of company property, company financial management system, financial personnel and financial accounting process\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eInvestigate the company\u0026#39;s financial accounting system and accounting process, financial internal control proposals, account bank statements, company tax vouchers, company original financial statements, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAsset integrity\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck that the ownership of the company\u0026#39;s assets is clear\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company is required to fill in and report the capital and assets occupied by the controlling shareholder and related parties, and provide relevant supporting documents, detailed account of the company\u0026#39;s account opening bank, and relevant meeting minutes, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(3) Review of the company\u0026#39;s shareholding structure, controlling shareholder and actual controller\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1. Shareholding structure survey\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eOwnership structure refers to the proportion of shares of different natures in the total share capital of a joint-stock company and their mutual relationship.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eEquity refers to the rights (obligations) that stock holders have in proportion to the shares they own and the rights (obligations) to assume certain responsibilities. It can be said that the ownership structure is the basis of the corporate governance structure, and the corporate governance structure is the specific operation form of the ownership structure.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn the due diligence investigation of the shareholding structure, it is generally necessary to achieve complete penetration as much as possible to confirm the actual controller and ultimate beneficiary of the company.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIf the shareholding structure is really too complicated, it is recommended to penetrate three to five layers to ensure the exhaustive principle of due diligence, and at the same time, indicate the matter in the due diligence report.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2. Investigation on controlling shareholders and actual controllers\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAccording to Article 216 of the Company Law, controlling shareholders refer to shareholders whose capital contribution accounts for more than 50% of the total capital of a limited liability company or whose shares account for more than 50% of the total share capital of a company limited by shares;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eShareholders whose capital contribution or shareholding ratio is less than 50%, but the voting rights enjoyed by their capital contribution or the shares they hold are sufficient to have a significant impact on the resolutions of the shareholders\u0026#39; meeting or the shareholders\u0026#39; general meeting.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe actual controller refers to a person who, although not a shareholder of the company, can actually control the behavior of the company through investment relationships, agreements or other arrangements.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eDuring the due diligence process, if the company has an actual controller, the lawyer needs to review the control method and relationship between the actual controller and the company, as well as the \u0026quot;action agreement\u0026quot; signed between the actual controller (such as the company controlled by the agreement).\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn projects such as corporate mergers and acquisitions, bond issuance, IPOs, etc., where the audit of the actual controller of the company is relatively strict, due diligence also needs to understand the personal credit information, litigation, criminal record, personal character and behavior of the controlling shareholder and the actual controller. Modes, etc., will not be repeated here.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(4) Review of the company\u0026#39;s business model\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eGenerally speaking, the investigation and evaluation of the company\u0026#39;s business situation and the company\u0026#39;s business prospects are in the category of commercial due diligence, and the lawyer\u0026#39;s LDD generally does not conduct too detailed investigations (such as profitability, current ratio, etc.) for this part.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn legal due diligence, lawyers mainly understand the company\u0026#39;s business areas by reviewing the company\u0026#39;s business system, actually inspecting the business links involved in the company\u0026#39;s business process, interviewing major suppliers and customers, and combining the company\u0026#39;s industry characteristics. The main investigation matters include but are not limited to the following:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1. The model and management system of the enterprise\u0026#39;s commodity supply chain;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2. The company\u0026#39;s dependence on suppliers and the degree of substitutability of suppliers;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e3. Main product production process, industry advantages, development prospects, commodity industry share, user satisfaction, etc.;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e4. The company\u0026#39;s research and development capabilities and publicity capabilities;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e5. The company\u0026#39;s important project investment, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(5) Company finance\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe financial situation of an enterprise is a direct feedback on the operation and profit of an enterprise, and it is also the focus of due diligence. Generally speaking, financial due diligence is in principle done by accounting firms that hold securities. In the process of legal due diligence, lawyers should also give certain opinions on the legality of property and conclusive opinions on property reports. focus on.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(Requires familiarity with balance sheet, cash flow statement, income statement)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(VI) Company assets\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn due diligence, the company\u0026#39;s asset verification is particularly important because it is related to the company\u0026#39;s net assets and corporate valuation. Corporate assets generally include two types of intangible assets and intangible assets.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1. DD of tangible assets\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eTo check tangible assets, it is mainly necessary to refer to the ownership certificates of all tangible assets of the enterprise, including land certificates, real estate certificates, driving licenses, etc., as well as relevant contracts for procurement, transfer, gift, assignment, etc., land transfer fees, taxes, etc., so as to judge Whether the acquisition of assets is legal, whether the transfer process is flawed, and whether the annual fee is paid in a timely manner.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2. DD of intangible assets\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe intangible assets of enterprises include many categories, such as copyrights, trademarks, patents, goodwill and honors of enterprises. However, in the due diligence of lawyers, the intangible investigation of enterprises is mainly reflected in the field of intellectual property that can be used for investment or valuation, mainly including copyrights, trademarks, patents, know-how, franchise rights, integrated circuits, trade secrets As well as the company\u0026#39;s existing technology and unique production and sales process. In a high-tech enterprise, these will directly constitute the core competitiveness of the company. For the verification of intellectual property rights, lawyers should focus on the following points:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003ethe right itself\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eExamination of the ownership relationship of patents, trademark rights, etc., patents developed in cooperation with third parties or employee job behavior, limited term of rights, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003econtingent debt\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eWhether there is a possibility of infringement and then claiming damages\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003econtract risk\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eReview corporate licensing contracts, co-development contracts, franchise contracts, exclusive use contracts, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003etrade secret risk\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn the project, the counterparty will know the trade secret, and it is necessary to study and plan the timing of disclosure of the trade secret and regulate it with a non-disclosure agreement\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eDue diligence of intellectual property has its inherent limitations, and even if the rights are valid in the process of LDD, they may in fact lose their value due to loss of novelty, originality, or being adjudicated by a court.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eTherefore, lawyers need to make a prompt in the due diligence report.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(VII) Significant creditor\u0026#39;s rights and debts\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company\u0026#39;s creditor\u0026#39;s rights and debts are directly related to the company\u0026#39;s net assets, asset-liability ratio, current ratio and other major valuation reference indicators, which are one of the important contents of due diligence. The purpose of the investigation is the authenticity, legitimacy and effectiveness of liabilities. Whether other receivables and payables occurred due to normal production and business activities, and whether it is legal and valid.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe specific investigation contents are as follows:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe basic situation of creditor\u0026#39;s rights and debts\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company\u0026#39;s claims, formation time, reasons, and debt repayment\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company\u0026#39;s main loan amount, interest rate, term, guarantee, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company\u0026#39;s contractual liabilities and risks arising from major contracts\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eWhether the company has infringement debts caused by environmental pollution, intellectual property rights, product quality, etc., and explain the impact\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe creditor\u0026#39;s rights and debts of the company and its related parties\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company guarantees and mortgages the loans of major shareholders or other companies or enterprises\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eWhether the company has defaulted on its debts and relevant documents\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eBasic information on corporate financing\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCompany loan card information and annual and semi-annual reports\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eDetails of the loan list in RMB or foreign currency\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eList of corporate borrowings outside normal business\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAn agreement to provide a line of credit or loan due to the loan document or agreement, the bank agrees to\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eMutual Insurance Agreement\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eBonds and related documents issued by the company\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAll company financing plans and arrangements\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe basic situation of the company\u0026#39;s bond issuance\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eDescription of private placement bonds and convertible claims issued by the company, issuance quantity, approval documents, par value, use of funds, method of repayment of principal and interest, redemption terms and sell-back terms, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eThe company\u0026#39;s external guarantee\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck all loan contracts being performed by the company and check whether there is any mortgage on the company\u0026#39;s assets\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eRequire the company to fill in the external guarantee survey form, and provide the guarantee contract, the resolution of the board of directors, and the shareholders\u0026#39; meeting\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eLiability or liability of the company to third parties\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck the main debt contract and performance related to the guarantee\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eCheck the company\u0026#39;s performance guarantee letter or performance bond\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eRelevant legal documents for the company to accept the debtor\u0026#39;s guarantee/counter-guarantee\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eMajor contingencies existing in the company (contingencies involving the amount or the accumulated amount over 12 months accounting for more than 10% of the company\u0026#39;s net assets)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eA written commitment from all directors of the company to confirm that all the information on mortgages, pledges and external guarantees of the company has been fully disclosed, the materials provided are complete, and there are no false statements or major omissions\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e(VIII) Horizontal competition and related party transactions\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e1. About competition in the industry\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eHorizontal competition generally means that the business of a company is the same or similar to that of other enterprises controlled by its controlling shareholder or actual controller, and the two parties constitute or may constitute a direct and indirect competitive relationship.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eIn actual operation, the existence of horizontal competition will inevitably lead to the failure of related enterprises to compete on an equal footing in a fair market environment. The voting rights of the controlling shareholder will determine the company\u0026#39;s major operations, which will affect the company\u0026#39;s small and medium shareholders to a greater or lesser extent.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eGenerally speaking, during due diligence, lawyers often suggest to eliminate the horizontal competition of the company, and eliminate the drawbacks caused by the horizontal competition through business restructuring, transfer to a third party, agreement settlement, etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003e2. About connected transactions\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eAccording to the \u0026quot;Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises No. 36 - Disclosure of Related Parties\u0026quot;, in the financial and operating decisions of an enterprise, if one party controls, jointly controls the other party or has a significant influence on the other party Shijia, and two or more parties have the same If it is controlled, jointly controlled or significantly influenced by one party, it constitutes a related party.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eGenerally speaking, related party transactions have the following characteristics:\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFirst, the transaction takes place between related parties in an equity or agreement arrangement;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eSecond, one party to the transaction can exert significant influence on the financial and operating decisions of the other party\u0026#39;s enterprise;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eFinally, a transaction may result in a transfer of corporate interests.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:16px;\"\u003e\u003cspan align=\"center\" style=\"margin:0cm;text-align:center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"word-break:break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:等线;\"\u003eOne of the key points of due diligence for lawyers in connected transactions is to strictly follow the \u0026quot;Content and Format Standards for Information Disclosure by Companies Offering Securities to the Public\u0026quot;.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","_type":"继来法视界","position":0,"created_at":"2021-01-12T16:19:45.006+08:00","updated_at":"2020-12-28T11:11:00.000+08:00","pv":21132,"abstract_zh":"上文我们讲到了尽职调查的原则、目的以及调查手法，本文中，笔者将结合尽职调查报告的撰写来谈一下法律尽职调查的基本内容及注意事项。","abstract_en":"We talked about the principles, purposes and investigation methods of due diligence above. In this article, the author will discuss the basic content and precautions of legal due diligence in conjunction with the writing of the due diligence report.","link":""}