{"id":169,"thumbnail":"https://jilailawyer.com//rails/active_storage/blobs/eyJfcmFpbHMiOnsibWVzc2FnZSI6IkJBaHBBdDhCIiwiZXhwIjpudWxsLCJwdXIiOiJibG9iX2lkIn19--061e59e6d8293545712ed731f631337bb12390f8/%E5%B0%81%E9%9D%A2.jpg","title_zh":"守护“少年的你”-简评2021年儿童节起实施的《未成年人保护法》","title_en":"Guarding \"Youth as a Teenager\" - Comments on the \"Minor Protection Law\" that will be implemented from Children's Day in 2021","content_zh":"\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e自\u003c/font\u003e2018\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年全国人大常委会启动修订工作，历经全国人大常委会\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2019\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e10\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月第一次审议、\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2020\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e6\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月第二次审议、\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2020\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e10\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月第三次审议，并三次公开征求社会意见，《未成年人保护法》最终于\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2020\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e10\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e17\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e日第十三届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议正式审议通过，修订后的《未成年人保护法》将于\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e2021\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年儿童节起实施。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e修订后的《未成年人保护法》不仅完善了不同法律部门如《刑法》、《婚姻法》、《反家庭暴力法》等与《未成年人保护法》之间的位阶，使各项法律之间紧密联系，还聚焦于当前未成年人成长中可能遇到的法律问题，吸收了近年来未成年人保护的法律理念，新增\u003c/font\u003e\u0026ldquo;网络保护\u0026rdquo;、\u0026ldquo;政府保护\u0026rdquo;两章，由\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e7\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e章扩展为\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e9\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e章，条文由\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e72\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e条增加到\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e132\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e条，修改几乎涉及原法的每一个条文。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e本次修订主要亮点如下\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 宋体;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e一、落实未成年人保护，强化法律责任\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e本次《未成年人保护法》修订增补法律条款万余字，除增设全新条款外，法律用了极大地篇幅和笔墨着重规定了国家、机关、学校、托儿所乃至父母等可能侵害未成年人权益的法律责任。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e此外，对于生产、销售用于未成年人的食品、药品、玩具、用具和游乐设施不符合国家标准或者行业标准，或者没有在显著位置标明注意事项的以及制作或者向未成年人出售、出租或者以其他方式传播淫秽、暴力、凶杀、恐怖、赌博等图书、报刊、音像制品、电子出版物以及网络信息等的，法律规定了严厉的处罚措施。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e上述规定将未成年人的保护从空城楼阁拉到了法律可以触及的地方，将对未成年人侵害行为与法律责任统一了起来，使《未成年人保护法》真正成为守护未成年人健康成长的\u003c/font\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e神盾\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e二、增设强制报告制度，确保权责统一\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e修订后《未成年人保护法》增设了未成年人遭受侵害或者面临危险时，相关责任人的强制报告制度。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e根据《未成年人保护法》第十一条的规定，国家机关、居民委员会、村民委员会、密切接触未成年人的单位及其工作人员在工作中发现未成年人身心健康受到侵害、疑似受到侵害或者面临其他危险情形的，应当立即向公安、民政、教育等有关部门报告。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e有关部门接到涉及未成年人的检举、控告或者报告，应当依法及时受理、处置，并以适当方式将处理结果告知相关单位和人员。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e根据《未成年人保护法》第一百一十七条的规定，违反本法第十一条第二款规定，未履行报告义务造成严重后果的，由上级主管部门或者所在单位对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e上述规定将国家机关、居民委员会、村民委员会、密切接触未成年人的单位及其工作人员保护未成年人的责任与法律后果连接起来，为法律的刚性规定，上述人员依据该条款需履行强制报告的义务。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》修订前，未成年人的保护一般都是滞后的，相关条款也仅仅为类似\u003c/font\u003e\u0026ldquo;\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e常回家看看\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e\u0026rdquo;\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e等口号性的条款，也就是说一般情况下，未成年人只有在遭受了侵害才可能得到法律的保护。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e但是《未成年人保护法》修订后，未成年人得到侵害前保护的可能性大大增加，这将极大地提高防患于未然的可能性。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e三、着眼校园欺凌，增设校园欺凌与校园性侵防控制度\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e在世界的各个国家，每天都会发生校园欺凌的事件，并不时有校园学生暴力案件的报道，其中还有一些性质相当恶劣的案件。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e案件中那些心灵被扭曲的孩子们作案手段之残忍，令人触目惊心，我国同样没有例外。校园欺凌的危害不仅体现对未成年人的身体上，无论是施暴者还是受害者，其心灵都会受到巨大的创伤。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》修订前我国并未对校园欺凌的问题予以充分关注，乃至近来校园性侵、伤害乃至杀人都时有发生。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》修订后增设了关于校园欺凌以及校园性侵等问题制度建设。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》第三十九条规定，学校应当建立学生欺凌防控工作制度，对教职员工、学生等开展防治学生欺凌的教育和培训。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e学校对学生欺凌行为应当立即制止，通知实施欺凌和被欺凌未成年学生的父母或者其他监护人参与欺凌行为的认定和处理；对相关未成年学生及时给予心理辅导、教育和引导；对相关未成年学生的父母或者其他监护人给予必要的家庭教育指导。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e对实施欺凌的未成年学生，学校应当根据欺凌行为的性质和程度，依法加强管教。对严重的欺凌行为，学校不得隐瞒，应当及时向公安机关、教育行政部门报告，并配合相关部门依法处理。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》第四十条规定，学校、幼儿园应当建立预防性侵害、性骚扰未成年人工作制度。对性侵害、性骚扰未成年人等违法犯罪行为，学校、幼儿园不得隐瞒，应当及时向公安机关、教育行政部门报告，并配合相关部门依法处理。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e学校、幼儿园应当对未成年人开展适合其年龄的性教育，提高未成年人防范性侵害、性骚扰的自我保护意识和能力。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e对遭受性侵害、性骚扰的未成年人，学校、幼儿园应当及时采取相关的保护措施。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e上述条款从两个方面加强了未成年人的学校保护，一为预防制度，学校应当建立学生欺凌防控工作制度以及预防性侵害、性骚扰未成年人工作制度；二为事后处理制度，即学校对于已经发生的校园欺凌和校园侵害应当及时参与事后处理，包括对未成年人的心理辅导以及对相关部门及时报告与配合工作。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e四、细化监护人职责，明确监护制度\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》修订前我国的监护制度主要来源于民法，包括《民法通则》以及\u003c/font\u003e2017\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年实施的《民法总则》，监护制度的意义更多的体现在保护未成年人民事权利以及解答无行为能力人、限制民事行为能力人等缺乏民事行为能力的群体进行民事行为的权利义务关系问题，对于未成年人人身权利的保护相对较少。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e而修订的《未成年人保护法》在监护制度的设立上主要体现对未成年人人身权利的保护，其中主要体现在以下几个方面：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e（一）监护人的职责\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e修订的《未成年人保护法》以列举法的方式详细规定了未成年人监护人的监护职责以及禁止行为：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》第十六条规定，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人应当履行下列监护职责：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（一）为未成年人提供生活、健康、安全等方面的保障；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（二）关注未成年人的生理、心理状况和情感需求；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（三）教育和引导未成年人遵纪守法、勤俭节约，养成良好的思想品德和行为习惯；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（四）对未成年人进行安全教育，提高未成年人的自我保护意识和能力；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（五）尊重未成年人受教育的权利，保障适龄未成年人依法接受并完成义务教育；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（六）保障未成年人休息、娱乐和体育锻炼的时间，引导未成年人进行有益身心健康的活动；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（七）妥善管理和保护未成年人的财产；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（八）依法代理未成年人实施民事法律行为；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（九）预防和制止未成年人的不良行为和违法犯罪行为，并进行合理管教；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（十）其他应当履行的监护职责。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e《未成年人保护法》第十七条规定，未成年人的父母或者其他监护人不得实施下列行为：\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（一）虐待、遗弃、非法送养未成年人或者对未成年人实施家庭暴力；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（二）放任、教唆或者利用未成年人实施违法犯罪行为；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（三）放任、唆使未成年人参与邪教、迷信活动或者接受恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义等侵害；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（四）放任、唆使未成年人吸烟（含电子烟，下同）、饮酒、赌博、流浪乞讨或者欺凌他人；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（五）放任或者迫使应当接受义务教育的未成年人失学、辍学；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（六）放任未成年人沉迷网络，接触危害或者可能影响其身心健康的图书、报刊、电影、广播电视节目、音像制品、电子出版物和网络信息等；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（七）放任未成年人进入营业性娱乐场所、酒吧、互联网上网服务营业场所等不适宜未成年人活动的场所；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（八）允许或者迫使未成年人从事国家规定以外的劳动；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（九）允许、迫使未成年人结婚或者为未成年人订立婚约；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（十）违法处分、侵吞未成年人的财产或者利用未成年人牟取不正当利益；\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"text-underline: single;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e（十一）其他侵犯未成年人身心健康、财产权益或者不依法履行未成年人保护义务的行为。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/u\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: \u0026quot;Times New Roman\u0026quot;;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: bold;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e（二）监护制度\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/b\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e本次《未成年人保护法》修订健全了我国的监护制度，对于农村留守儿童等群体缺乏监护问题以及临时监护的职责机关法律都加以明确规定，弥补了修正前法律的缺失。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e保护法明确了国家监护制度，规定在未成年人的监护人不能履行监护职责时，由国家承担监护职责。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e新修订的《未成年人保护法》明确了国家监护制度，规定在未成年人的监护人不能履行监护职责时，由国家承担监护职责，同时，新修订的《未成年人保护法》第九十二条至第九十六条明确了代表政府履行临时监护的职责机关为民政部门。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e对于暂时无法联系到父母的未成年人，父母已经死亡的未成年人以及遭受暴力或者虐待被剥夺监护人资格的未成年人，将由国家来承担长期的监护职责等。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e这样一来，新修订的未成年人保护法补全了我国监护制度缺失的一环，未成年人保护的法律体系也将更为完善。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; padding: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e未成年人，是身体心智还未发育完全的人。在未成年人走向成熟的这段旅程中，他们更容易受到外界的伤害与影响，而我们国家、社会、政府、校园、父母甚至我们自己，都应该对他们细心呵护，正确教育和引导，这不仅是法治社会的要求，也是作为一个成年人应当承担的责任和义务。\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e附：将于\u003c/font\u003e2021\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e年\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e6\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e月\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"Calibri\"\u003e1\u003c/font\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e日实施新修订《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》全文\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin: 0pt; text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: Calibri;\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"/ckeditor_assets/pictures/117/content_%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81.png\" style=\"width: 260px; height: 260px;\" /\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","content_en":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eSince the NPC Standing Committee started the revision work in 2018, it has undergone the first review in October 2019, the second review in June 2020, and the third review in October 2020, and three public comments were solicited. The Law on the Protection of Minors was finally formally deliberated and passed at the 22nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People\u0026#39;s Congress on October 17, 2020. The revised Law on the Protection of Minors will start on Children\u0026#39;s Day in 2021 implement.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe revised Law on the Protection of Minors not only improves the hierarchy between different legal departments such as the Criminal Law, the Marriage Law, the Anti-Domestic Violence Law, etc., and the Law on the Protection of Minors It also focuses on the legal problems that minors may encounter in their growth, absorbs the legal concept of minor protection in recent years, and adds two new chapters, \u0026quot;Internet Protection\u0026quot; and \u0026quot;Government Protection\u0026quot;, from 7 chapters. It was expanded to 9 chapters, and the articles were increased from 72 to 132, and the amendments involved almost every article of the original law.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe main highlights of this revision are as follows\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eI. Implementing the Protection of Minors and Strengthening Legal Responsibilities\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThis revision of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot; adds more than 10,000 legal clauses. In addition to adding new clauses, the law uses a great deal of space and writing to focus on stipulating that the state, institutions, schools, nurseries and even parents may infringe upon the rights and interests of minors. legal responsibility.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIn addition, the production and sale of food, medicines, toys, utensils and recreational facilities for minors that do not conform to national or industrial standards, or do not have precautions marked in prominent positions, as well as production or sale to minors, renting or The law stipulates severe penalties for disseminating books, newspapers, audio-visual products, electronic publications, and network information by other means such as obscenity, violence, murder, terror, gambling, etc.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe above provisions have brought the protection of minors from empty castles to places where the law can reach, and unified the violation of minors with legal responsibility, making the \u0026quot;Minors Protection Law\u0026quot; a real protection for the healthy growth of minors. \u0026quot;Aegis\u0026quot;.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e2. Add a mandatory reporting system to ensure the unification of powers and responsibilities\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe revised Law on the Protection of Minors has added a mandatory reporting system for the responsible persons when minors are violated or in danger.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAccording to Article 11 of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot;, state organs, residents\u0026#39; committees, villagers\u0026#39; committees, units that have close contact with minors and their staff find that minors\u0026#39; physical and mental health has been violated or suspected of being violated during their work. Or face other dangerous situations, should immediately report to the public security, civil affairs, education and other relevant departments.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eRelevant departments shall accept and dispose of reports, accusations or reports involving minors in a timely manner in accordance with the law, and inform relevant units and personnel of the results of the handling in an appropriate manner.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAccording to the provisions of Article 117 of the Law on the Protection of Minors, who violates the provisions of Paragraph 2 of Article 11 of this Law and fails to perform the reporting obligation and causes serious consequences, the competent department at a higher level or the unit to which he belongs shall be directly responsible for the Persons in charge and other directly responsible persons shall be punished according to law.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe above provisions link the responsibility of state organs, residents\u0026#39; committees, villagers\u0026#39; committees, units that have close contact with minors, and their staff to protect minors with legal consequences, and are rigid provisions of the law. obligations.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eBefore the revision of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot;, the protection of minors was generally lagging behind, and the relevant clauses were only slogan clauses such as \u0026quot;go home often\u0026quot;, that is to say, under normal circumstances, minors The protection of the law can only be obtained when it has been violated.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eHowever, after the revision of the Law on the Protection of Minors, the possibility of minors being protected before infringement has greatly increased, which will greatly improve the possibility of preventing problems before they occur.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e3. Focus on campus bullying and add a campus bullying and campus sexual assault prevention and control system\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIn every country in the world, incidents of school bullying occur every day, and cases of violence among school students are reported from time to time, some of which are quite egregious.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe cruelty of the children whose minds were twisted in the case is shocking, and our country is no exception. The harm of school bullying is not only reflected in the body of minors, whether it is the perpetrator or the victim, their souls will be greatly traumatized.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eBefore the revision of the Law on the Protection of Minors, my country did not pay enough attention to the problem of school bullying, and even recently, school sexual assault, injury and even murder have occurred from time to time.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAfter the revision of the Law on the Protection of Minors, the system construction on campus bullying and campus sexual assault has been added.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 39 of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot; stipulates that schools shall establish a work system for the prevention and control of student bullying, and conduct education and training on the prevention and control of student bullying for faculty, staff, and students.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe school shall immediately stop the bullying behavior of students, and notify the parents or other guardians of the bullying and bullied minor students to participate in the identification and handling of the bullying behavior; provide psychological counseling, education and guidance to the relevant minor students in a timely manner; parents or other guardians to provide necessary family education guidance.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eFor minor students who are bullying, schools should strengthen discipline according to the nature and extent of the bullying behavior. Schools shall not conceal serious bullying behaviors, and shall report to the public security organs and education administrative departments in a timely manner, and cooperate with relevant departments to deal with them in accordance with the law.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 40 of the Law on the Protection of Minors stipulates that schools and kindergartens shall establish a work system for preventing sexual assault and sexual harassment of minors. Schools and kindergartens must not conceal illegal and criminal acts such as sexual assault and sexual harassment of minors. They should report to public security organs and education administrative departments in a timely manner, and cooperate with relevant departments to deal with them in accordance with the law.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eSchools and kindergartens shall carry out age-appropriate sex education for minors, and improve minors\u0026#39; self-protection awareness and ability to prevent sexual assault and harassment.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eSchools and kindergartens shall take relevant protective measures in a timely manner for minors who are sexually assaulted or harassed.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe above clauses strengthen the school protection of minors from two aspects. One is the prevention system. Schools should establish a work system for student bullying prevention and control and a work system for preventing sexual assault and sexual harassment of minors; School bullying and school violations that have occurred should be involved in post-processing in a timely manner, including psychological counseling for minors and timely reporting and cooperation with relevant departments.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e4. Refine the responsibilities of guardians and clarify the guardianship system\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eBefore the revision of the \u0026quot;Minors Protection Law\u0026quot;, my country\u0026#39;s guardianship system was mainly derived from the civil law, including the \u0026quot;General Principles of Civil Law\u0026quot; and the \u0026quot;General Principles of Civil Law\u0026quot; implemented in 2017. The significance of the guardianship system is more reflected in the protection of minors\u0026#39; civil rights and answers to questions The rights and obligations of groups lacking the capacity for civil conduct, such as persons with capacity for conduct and those with limited capacity for civil conduct, have relatively little protection for the personal rights of minors.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe revised \u0026quot;Minors Protection Law\u0026quot; mainly reflects the protection of minors\u0026#39; personal rights in the establishment of the guardianship system, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(1) Responsibilities of guardians\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe revised Law on the Protection of Minors specifies the guardianship duties of guardians of minors and prohibited behaviors in detail by way of enumeration:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 16 of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot; stipulates that the parents or other guardians of minors shall perform the following guardianship duties:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(1) To provide protection for minors in terms of life, health and safety;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(2) Pay attention to the physical, psychological and emotional needs of minors;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(3) To educate and guide minors to abide by the law, be diligent and thrifty, and develop good ideological morality and behavioral habits;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(4) Provide safety education to minors to improve their self-protection awareness and ability;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(5) Respect the right of minors to receive education, and ensure that minors of school age receive and complete compulsory education in accordance with the law;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(6) Guarantee the time for minors to rest, entertain and exercise, and guide minors to engage in activities that are beneficial to their physical and mental health;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(7) Properly manage and protect the property of minors;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(8) Acting on behalf of minors to carry out civil legal acts in accordance with the law;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(9) Prevent and stop minors\u0026#39; bad behavior and illegal and criminal behavior, and conduct reasonable discipline;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(10) Other guardianship duties that should be performed.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eArticle 17 of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot; stipulates that the parents or other guardians of minors shall not commit the following acts:\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(1) Abusing, abandoning, illegally sending minors for adoption, or committing domestic violence to minors;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(2) Allowing, instigating or using minors to commit illegal and criminal acts;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(3) Allowing or instigating minors to participate in cult or superstitious activities or accept terrorism, separatism, extremism, etc.;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(4) Allowing or instigating minors to smoke (including electronic cigarettes, the same below), drink alcohol, gamble, wander and beg, or bully others;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(5) Allowing or forcing minors who should receive compulsory education to drop out or drop out of school;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(6) Allow minors to indulge in the Internet, and come into contact with books, newspapers, films, radio and television programs, audio-visual products, electronic publications, and Internet information that endanger or may affect their physical and mental health;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(7) Allowing minors to enter commercial entertainment venues, bars, Internet access service business venues and other places that are not suitable for minors\u0026#39; activities;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(8) Allowing or forcing minors to engage in labor other than those prescribed by the state;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(9) Allowing or forcing minors to marry or entering into marriage contracts for minors;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(10) Illegal punishment, misappropriation of property of minors, or use of minors to seek illegitimate interests;\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(11) Other acts that violate the physical and mental health, property rights and interests of minors, or fail to perform their obligations to protect minors in accordance with the law.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e(2) Guardianship system\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe revision of the \u0026quot;Law on the Protection of Minors\u0026quot; improves my country\u0026#39;s guardianship system, and clearly stipulates the lack of guardianship for rural left-behind children and other groups and the law on the authority responsible for temporary guardianship, making up for the lack of the law before the revision.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe Protection Law clarifies the state guardianship system, stipulating that when the guardian of a minor cannot perform guardianship duties, the state shall assume guardianship duties.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eThe newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors clarifies the state guardianship system, stipulating that when the guardian of a minor cannot perform guardianship duties, the state shall assume guardianship duties. From Articles 2 to 96, it is clarified that the agency responsible for performing temporary guardianship on behalf of the government is the civil affairs department.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eFor minors who are temporarily unable to contact their parents, minors whose parents have died, and minors who have suffered violence or abuse and have been deprived of their guardianship, the state will assume long-term guardianship duties.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eIn this way, the newly revised Law on the Protection of Minors fills the missing link in my country\u0026#39;s guardianship system, and the legal system for the protection of minors will also be more complete.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eA minor is a person whose body and mind are not fully developed. During the journey of minors to maturity, they are more vulnerable to external harm and influence, and our country, society, government, campus, parents and even ourselves should take care of them, properly educate and guide them. It is not only a requirement of a society ruled by law, but also a responsibility and obligation that an adult should undertake.\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0pt\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0pt; text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003eAttachment: The full text of the newly revised Law of the People\u0026#39;s Republic of China on the Protection of Minors will be implemented on June 1, 2021\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp style=\"margin:0pt; text-align:center\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size:12pt\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family:Calibri\"\u003e\u003cfont color=\"#000000\"\u003e\u003cfont face=\"宋体\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" src=\"/ckeditor_assets/pictures/117/content_%E4%BA%8C%E7%BB%B4%E7%A0%81.png\" style=\"width:260px; height:260px\" /\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/font\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\r\n","_type":"继来法视界","position":2,"created_at":"2020-11-05T13:36:13.241+08:00","updated_at":"2020-10-20T13:26:00.000+08:00","pv":19739,"abstract_zh":"自2018年全国人大常委会启动修订工作，历经全国人大常委会2019年10月第一次审议、2020年6月第二次审议、2020年10月第三次审议，并三次公开征求社会意见，《未成年人保护法》最终于2020年10月17日第十三届全国人大常委会第二十二次会议正式审议通过，修订后的《未成年人保护法》将于2021年儿童节起实施。","abstract_en":"Since the NPC Standing Committee started the revision work in 2018, it has undergone the first review in October 2019, the second review in June 2020, and the third review in October 2020, and three public comments were solicited. The Law on the Protection of Minors was finally formally deliberated and passed at the 22nd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress on October 17, 2020. The revised Law on the Protection of Minors will start on Children's Day in 2021 implement.","link":""}